U.S COMMITTEE FOR REFUGEES AND IMMIGRANTS
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The Danger of Globally Institutionalizing Third Country Returns

November 19, 2025

Third country deportations should not be used as a tool for immigration enforcement. Often used as a tool to manage a politicized migration “problem,” third country deportations have the potential to normalize rights-free zones, forced exile, and indefinite detention. In February 2025, DHS issued a policy directive on third country deportations. The policy proposes forcibly deporting noncitizens, even those with humanitarian relief, to a third country instead of a country that is their country of nationality or where they last resided. Third country deportations immediately sparked legal challenges over safety, due process, and human rights concerns.

The United States is not the first country to propose or conduct third country deportations, despite the serious human rights concerns they raise. The United Kingdom, the European Union, and Australia have all proposed third country return schemes as a tool for migration control, immigration enforcement, and domestic approval.

Orderly migration can and must include plans for safe and voluntary returns. UNHCR has recommended that better systems are needed to ensure that people who are not in need of refugee protection retain meaningful agency in their decision-making. Options such as voluntary repatriation, access to other lawful migration pathways, or the ability to legally move to another country are all rights-respecting approaches that can be reflected in domestic policy.

Policymakers should take pause and question if current policies proposed and in use around the world are indeed the best approach. As new policies are pursued by governments who are failing to prioritize dignity and compassion in an effort to respond to global failures, it will be more important than ever for organizations like USCRI and others to monitor these efforts.

Click here to read the full brief.

 

USCRI, founded in 1911, is a non-governmental, not-for-profit international organization committed to working on behalf of refugees and immigrants and their transition to a dignified life.

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