U.S COMMITTEE FOR REFUGEES AND IMMIGRANTS
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Standing with Refugee Children

June 18, 2025

What does it mean to become a refugee before you’ve even had the chance to grow up? From Syria to Sudan, Myanmar to Afghanistan, children around the world are being displaced at unprecedented levels. Some are too young to understand why they’re running; others carry memories of war, persecution, or violence no child should ever endure. Many have been born into displacement, made refugees by conflicts and conditions beyond their making.

By the end of 2024, 49 million children had been forcibly displaced—making up 40 percent of the 123.2 million people displaced worldwide due to persecution, conflict, violence, human rights violations, or serious public disorder. Of the total displaced population, 42.7 million people were refugees. Children accounted for 41 percent of all refugees.

Between 2018 and 2024, about 337,800 children were born as refugees every year, making a staggering total of more than 2.3 million children who have not known home beyond displacement.

Behind every statistic is a child facing the loss of home, safety, and stability. Refugee children have not only been uprooted from their communities, but they also experience heightened risk of violence, exploitation, and interrupted education. Their futures hinge on urgent, sustained global action to uphold their rights, ensure access to essential services, and provide durable solutions that restore hope.

Who are Refugee Children? 

Refugee children are, first and foremost, children. Like all children, they are entitled to full protection of their rights regardless of their nationality, how they arrived in a host country, or the circumstances of their displacement. Their legal rights are recognized under the United Nations (UN) Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), the most widely ratified human rights treaty in history.

Article 1 of the 1951 Refugee Convention defines a refugee as someone outside of their country of nationality or habitual residence with a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion. A refugee child is anyone under the age of 18 years old who meets this definition. Refugee children may be unaccompanied or separated from their parents or guardians or could be with their families.

Whether fleeing war, persecution, or violence, refugee children often face compounded risks to their safety, well-being, and development. Recognizing their legal status and protecting their rights is not only a humanitarian imperative—it is a legal and moral obligation.

Where are Refugee Children?

Refugee children are found across every region of the world, with the majority living in neighboring countries to their home countries. Most are hosted in low- and middle-income countries, which sheltered 73 percent of the world’s refugees in 2024. Many refugee children face dire conditions, often in overcrowded refugee camps, informal settlements, or urban areas where services are limited.

Over 500,000 children live in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh—the largest refugee camp in the world. In March 2025, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) warned of surging numbers of children in the camps facing severe acute malnutrition (SAM), with over 15 percent of children malnourished. In June 2025, Save the Children announced that more than 6,400 learning centers in Cox’s Bazar would immediately close due to funding cuts, leaving around 300,000 children without education access.

In Kenya, children make up over half of the refugee population, living primarily in Kakuma and Dadaab refugee camps. These camps have existed for over 30 years, and for many children, the camps are the only home they’ve ever known. Yet the systems meant to support them are severely overstretched and underfunded, leaving basic needs unmet. Health services, education, shelter, and food are limited, and conditions have worsened dramatically due to recent funding cuts. In June 2025, the World Food Programme (WFP) was forced to halt all cash assistance for refugees in Kenya and slash food rations to just 28 percent of original levels—the lowest ever recorded by the agency. Thousands of children are now starving, eating once a day if at all.

Today, Sudan is the largest child displacement crisis in the world, with over 6.5 million children displaced. Since the start of the war in April 2023, over 570,000 children fled atrocities in Sudan into neighboring Chad. Due to influx from Sudan, Chad ranked as the world’s fifth-largest refugee-hosting country per capita at the start of 2025, with children comprising more than half of the refugee population. Additional pressure on already waning systems, coupled with funding cuts, have created a child protection and education crisis in Eastern Chad. About 849,000 children are currently out of school in the region. Without urgent action, an additional 97,000 refugee, returnee, and host communities’ children will be unable to access education or will drop out. Additionally, 500,000 children are at risk of SAM, and the region has only one medical doctor for every 18,000 people.

These realities and others around the world underscore a simple truth: refugee children are being denied the chance to survive, learn, and grow in safety. They have not only suffered conflict and displacement, but also chronic underfunding and political inaction.

How Can I Stand in Solidarity with Refugee Children?

The international community must urgently step up to protect refugee children’s rights, fully fund humanitarian responses, and invest in long-term solutions that prioritize education, nutrition, and protection. Every child, no matter where they are born or displaced, deserves the dignity of a safe childhood and the opportunity to build a better future.

Standing in solidarity with refugee children goes beyond empathy—it requires informed action, sustained advocacy, and meaningful support. Here are practical and impactful ways people can stand with refugee children:

  • Center refugee children’s voices. Refugee children should be empowered to make their voices heard, participate in decision-making related to their wellbeing, and design their own futures.
  • Raise awareness. Use your voice and platforms to amplify refugee children’s experiences, challenges, and initiatives, and challenge harmful stereotypes about refugees.
  • Welcome refugees in your community. Be a place of welcome and help refugee children and their families adjust by volunteering with local resettlement agencies or spaces of support. Work to create an environment where no child suffers from discrimination and xenophobia.
  • Advocate for policy change. Contact your elected officials and urge them to ensure safe and legal pathways for children and their families to access safety, as well as increased humanitarian aid.
  • Support organizations helping refugees. Donate or fundraise for trusted organizations, including refugee-led initiatives.
  • Engage on days of action. Participate in global or community events on days like World Refugee Day (June 20) or World Children’s Day (November 20). Use these moments to organize, donate, advocate, and educate others.


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